What is another word for sub-replacement fertility?
Pronunciation: [sˈʌbɹɪplˈe͡ɪsmənt fɜːtˈɪlɪti] (IPA) 
Sub-replacement fertility refers to a demographic phenomenon where the population of a country declines as births decrease below the rate needed to maintain a stable population. There are several synonyms for sub-replacement fertility, including low birthrate, fertility decline, and demographic deficit. Other terms for this phenomenon include population decline, depopulation, aging population, and the graying of society. Some experts also use the term "demographic winter" to describe the negative consequences of sub-replacement fertility, such as a shrinking workforce, strained social security systems, and reduced economic growth. These synonyms highlight the serious implications of sub-replacement fertility and underscore the importance of addressing this issue with effective policies and programs.
